Scientists recreate ‘rare’ mutation that could make you nearly immune to all viruses

When we think of immunity, we usually imagine vaccines or supplements, but what if your genes alone could make you resistant to nearly every virus? That’s exactly what scientists have been exploring in a groundbreaking new study. Researchers recently recreated a rare mutation known as ISG15 deficiency, which appears to put the body in a state of permanent defence against infections. This discovery, published in Nature Communications, shows how the mutation allows some people to fight off viruses like measles, influenza, and even SARS-CoV-2 with almost no symptoms.Instead of waiting for the immune system to activate, the mutation keeps antiviral defenses running constantly, almost like a 24/7 security system. Scientists have now managed to mimic this effect using mRNA-based therapy in animals, offering short bursts of broad protection against multiple viruses. While it’s still in early stages, the findings could change how we prepare for future pandemics.The ISG15 deficiency mutation was first noticed in a handful of people who showed unusual resistance to viral infections. Unlike the rest of us, their immune system doesn’t “wait” for an attack. Instead, it is always on alert, producing a low level of antiviral proteins that stop viruses from spreading.Normally, ISG15 helps regulate the immune response, but without it, the body seems to overcompensate by staying switched on. This creates a constant antiviral shield. People with this mutation rarely fall seriously ill from common viruses, making them natural examples of near-total immunity.Immunologist Dusan Bogunovic and his team wondered if this built-in defence system could be recreated without altering human DNA. Their answer came through mRNA therapy combined with lipid nanoparticles. Instead of rewriting genes, they delivered genetic instructions to cells that activated 10 antiviral proteins, the same ones naturally switched on in people with ISG15 deficiency.In lab experiments and animal models, including mice and hamsters, this approach blocked multiple viruses such as influenza and SARS-CoV-2. What’s striking is that so far, no virus has been able to bypass the protection, suggesting this could be a universal shield.The breakthrough is promising, but it isn’t permanent. Unlike genetic mutations that last a lifetime, this recreated immunity only lasts 3–4 days. The body eventually returns to its normal state, meaning the therapy would need to be reapplied regularly during outbreaks.While that sounds short, even a few days of protection can be crucial in controlling fast-spreading viruses. It gives healthcare workers, vulnerable individuals, and communities time to respond before vaccines or specific antivirals are widely available. Importantly, this therapy doesn’t block the body’s ability to develop long-term immunity later.Also read| 3 symptoms that often appear 24 hours before death